| E-Number | E171 |
| FDA Status | FDA-approved (21 CFR 73.575) at levels not exceeding 1% by weight of the food. FDA has not taken action to restrict desp… |
| EFSA Status | EFSA concluded in May 2021 that E171 could no longer be considered safe, citing inability to rule out genotoxicity of Ti… |
| ADI | No ADI established — EFSA withdrew the previous ADI in 2021 |
| Severity | High Risk (8/10) |
| Category | Whitening Agent |
An inorganic white pigment used to provide opacity and bright white color in foods (candies, chewing gum, pastries), toothpaste, and cosmetics.
Nanoparticles of TiO2 can cross the intestinal epithelium. EFSA's 2021 assessment concluded that genotoxicity could not be ruled out due to concerns about accumulation of nanoparticles in tissues over time.
FDA-approved (21 CFR 73.575) at levels not exceeding 1% by weight of the food. FDA has not taken action to restrict despite the EU ban.
EFSA concluded in May 2021 that E171 could no longer be considered safe, citing inability to rule out genotoxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles. EU banned E171 in food effective August 2022 (Commission Regulation EU 2022/63).
Banned in: EU (banned 2022)
Restricted in: France (banned 2020)
⚠️ Legal in the United States
| # | Product | Brand | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ORIGINAL BITE SIZE CANDIES, STRAWBERRY, LEMON, GREEN APPLE, ORANGE, GRAPE | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | 0/100 |
| 2 | GRAND CHEESECAKE SELECTION, WHITE CHOCOLATE RASPBERRY, SNICKERS BAR CHUNKS, CHOCOLATE MOUSSE, STRAWBERRY TOPPED ORIGINAL | The Cheesecake Factory Bakery, Inc. | 0/100 |
| 3 | SOUR PATCH KIDS SOFT CANDY TROPICAL FAT FREE1X2 OZ | Mondelez USA | 0/100 |
| 4 | SWEDISH FISH SOFT CANDY TROPICAL FAT FREE1X2 OZ | Mondelez Int. US (0074819091009) | 0/100 |
| 5 | WILD BERRY BITE SIZE CANDIES | Mars Chocolate North America LLC | 0/100 |
| 6 | BITE SIZE CANDIES | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | 0/100 |
| 7 | ORIGINAL GRAPE, GREEN APPLE, STRAWBERRY, ORANGE, LEMON BITE SIZE CANDIES, ORIGINAL | Mars Chocolate North America LLC | 0/100 |
| 8 | AMERICA MIX BITE SIZE CANDIES, RUMBERRY, RASPBERRY, STRAWBERRY, BLACKBERRY, WILD BERRY | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | 0/100 |
| 9 | ORIGINAL BITE SIZE CANDIES, ORIGINAL | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | 0/100 |
| 10 | BITE SIZE CANDIES | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | 0/100 |
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Average safety score for products containing Titanium Dioxide: 40/100
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CheckIt AI. (2026). "What Is Titanium Dioxide? Safety, Risks & Alternatives | CheckIt AI". Climaverse PBC. Retrieved from https://getcheck.it/ingredients/titanium-dioxide"What Is Titanium Dioxide? Safety, Risks & Alternatives | CheckIt AI." CheckIt AI, Climaverse PBC, 2026-03-08. https://getcheck.it/ingredients/titanium-dioxide.<a href="https://getcheck.it/ingredients/titanium-dioxide">What Is Titanium Dioxide? Safety, Risks & Alternatives | CheckIt AI — CheckIt AI</a>@misc{checkit2026ingredientstitaniumdioxide,
title = {What Is Titanium Dioxide? Safety, Risks & Alternatives | CheckIt AI},
author = {CheckIt AI},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Climaverse PBC},
url = {https://getcheck.it/ingredients/titanium-dioxide},
note = {Retrieved 2026-03-08}
}